2. Text Summary

Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev, a renowned Russian inventor and chemist, was born in 1834 and is most famous for creating the periodic table of elements. He was the youngest of approximately seventeen children. His father was a teacher who became blind and stopped working. His mother, Maria Mendeleeva, then worked to support the family and re-established a glass factory. Mendeleev's grandfather was a priest of the Russian Orthodox Church. At 13, Mendeleev entered the Gymnasium in Tobolsk.

In 1850, Mendeleev moved to Saint Petersburg and joined The Main Pedagogical Institute. After graduating, he was diagnosed with tuberculosis and moved to the Crimean Peninsula. There, he worked as a science master at a gymnasium in Simferopol. Following his recovery, he returned to Saint Petersburg in 1857.

From 1859 to 1861, Mendeleev conducted research on the capillarity of liquids in Heidelberg. In April 1862, he married Feozva Nikitichna Leshcheva. Two years later, he became a professor at the Saint Petersburg Technological Institute. In 1865, he was appointed professor at Saint Petersburg State University. In the same year, he completed his work "On the Combinations of Water with Alcohol." By 1871, Saint Petersburg had become a center for chemistry research. In 1876, Mendeleev fell in love with Anna Ivanova and proposed to her. The following year, he divorced his first wife and married Anna. Mendeleev had two children, Olga and Vladimir, from his first marriage and two children, twins and son Ivan, from his second marriage with Anna Ivanova. Lyubov was also noted as his wife.

In 1906, the Nobel Committee for Chemistry nominated Mendeleev for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his discovery of the periodic system. However, at the Academy's full meeting, Henri Moissan's candidacy was recommended. Svante Arrhenius also advised against Mendeleev, reportedly due to his critique of Arrhenius's dissociation theory. Consequently, Mendeleev's candidacy was rejected. Dmitri Mendeleev died of influenza in Saint Petersburg in 1907.

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