02. Запишите, используя египетский способ записи чисел, числа: 245, 338, 517, 1015.

Решение:

Египетская система счисления — десятичная, но без позиционного принципа. Числа записывались суммированием значений иероглифов:

• 245: \( \begin{array}{c} \\ \Large\underbrace{\text{\tiny{||}}}_{200} + \Large\underbrace{\text{\tiny{\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.3]
  ode[anchor=south west, inner sep=0pt] at (0,0) {\draw[thin] (0,0) rectangle (0.5,0.5);
  ode at (0.25,0.25) {\text{\small 10}};\end{tikzpicture}}}}\end{array}}_{40} + \Large\underbrace{\text{\tiny{\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.3]
  ode[anchor=south west, inner sep=0pt] at (0,0) {\draw[thin] (0,0) rectangle (0.5,0.5);
  ode at (0.25,0.25) {\text{\small 1}};\end{tikzpicture}}}}\end{array}}_{5} = 245 \)
• 338: \( \begin{array}{c} \\ \Large\underbrace{\text{\tiny{\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.3]
  ode[anchor=south west, inner sep=0pt] at (0,0) {\draw[thin] (0,0) rectangle (0.5,0.5);
  ode at (0.25,0.25) {\text{\small 100}};\end{tikzpicture}}}}\end{array}}_{300} + \Large\underbrace{\text{\tiny{\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.3]
  ode[anchor=south west, inner sep=0pt] at (0,0) {\draw[thin] (0,0) rectangle (0.5,0.5);
  ode at (0.25,0.25) {\text{\small 10}};\end{tikzpicture}}}}\end{array}}_{30} + \Large\underbrace{\text{\tiny{\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.3]
  ode[anchor=south west, inner sep=0pt] at (0,0) {\draw[thin] (0,0) rectangle (0.5,0.5);
  ode at (0.25,0.25) {\text{\small 1}};\end{tikzpicture}}}}\end{array}}_{8} = 338 \)
• 517: \( \begin{array}{c} \\ \Large\underbrace{\text{\tiny{\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.3]
  ode[anchor=south west, inner sep=0pt] at (0,0) {\draw[thin] (0,0) rectangle (0.5,0.5);
  ode at (0.25,0.25) {\text{\small 100}};\end{tikzpicture}}}}\end{array}}_{500} + \Large\underbrace{\text{\tiny{\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.3]
  ode[anchor=south west, inner sep=0pt] at (0,0) {\draw[thin] (0,0) rectangle (0.5,0.5);
  ode at (0.25,0.25) {\text{\small 10}};\end{tikzpicture}}}}\end{array}}_{10} + \Large\underbrace{\text{\tiny{\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.3]
  ode[anchor=south west, inner sep=0pt] at (0,0) {\draw[thin] (0,0) rectangle (0.5,0.5);
  ode at (0.25,0.25) {\text{\small 1}};\end{tikzpicture}}}}\end{array}}_{7} = 517 \)
• 1015: \( \begin{array}{c} \\ \Large\underbrace{\text{\tiny{\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.3]
  ode[anchor=south west, inner sep=0pt] at (0,0) {\draw[thin] (0,0) rectangle (0.5,0.5);
  ode at (0.25,0.25) {\text{\small 1000}};\end{tikzpicture}}}}\end{array}}_{1000} + \Large\underbrace{\text{\tiny{\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.3]
  ode[anchor=south west, inner sep=0pt] at (0,0) {\draw[thin] (0,0) rectangle (0.5,0.5);
  ode at (0.25,0.25) {\text{\small 10}};\end{tikzpicture}}}}\end{array}}_{10} + \Large\underbrace{\text{\tiny{\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.3]
  ode[anchor=south west, inner sep=0pt] at (0,0) {\draw[thin] (0,0) rectangle (0.5,0.5);
  ode at (0.25,0.25) {\text{\small 1}};\end{tikzpicture}}}}\end{array}}_{5} = 1015 \)

Ответ: 245 = || ⋂ |||||; 338 = ⋂⋂⋂ ⋂⋂⋂ ||||||||; 517 = ⋂⋂⋂⋂⋂ ⋂ |||||||; 1015 = ⋋ ⋂ |||||.