2- Fill in the blanks with a modal perfect. Make any necessary changes in the verbs in brackets: a) Sue ____ (GO) out. I can't see her. b) He looks really tired- He ____ (BE) awake all night. c) If I had gone to the sales, I'm sure I ____ (BUY) something d) You ____ (PAY) us today. It was not necessary. e) She was very upset because you didn't go to her birthday party. You ____ (GO) f) I ____ (CALL) her by her name because I didn't know it at all.

Решение:

• a) Sue must have gone out. I can't see her. (Выражает сильную уверенность в прошлом действии, которое уже произошло).
• b) He looks really tired- He must have been awake all night. (Выражает сильную уверенность в прошлом действии, которое привело к текущему состоянию).
• c) If I had gone to the sales, I'm sure I would have bought something (Выражает сожаление о прошлом несбывшемся действии или гипотетический результат в прошлом).
• d) You needn't have paid us today. It was not necessary. (Выражает, что действие было сделано, но было излишним).
• e) She was very upset because you didn't go to her birthday party. You should have gone (Выражает сожаление о несделанном в прошлом действии или упрек).
• f) I couldn't have called her by her name because I didn't know it at all. (Выражает невозможность действия в прошлом).

Ответ:

• a) must have gone
• b) must have been
• c) would have bought
• d) needn't have paid
• e) should have gone
• f) couldn't have called