Ответ:

  1. \(14x + 6x = 18{,}4\).
    \(20x = 18{,}4\).
    \(x = 18{,}4 : 20 = 0{,}92\).
  2. \(23{,}4x - 18{,}4x + 3{,}8 = 16{,}85\).
    \(5x + 3{,}8 = 16{,}85\).
    \(5x = 16{,}85 - 3{,}8 = 13{,}05\).
    \(x = 13{,}05 : 5 = 2{,}61\).

Ответ: 1) x = 0,92; 2) x = 2,61.