Ответ:

1)

  1. x · 7 = 21; x = 21 : 7; x = 3.
  2. 24 : x = 3; x = 24 : 3; x = 8.
  3. x − 8 = 0; x = 0 + 8; x = 8.
  4. 7 + x = 7; x = 7 − 7; x = 0.

2)

  1. 38 + x = 50; x = 50 − 38; x = 12.
  2. x − 17 = 20; x = 20 + 17; x = 37.
  3. 40 − x = 19; x = 40 − 19; x = 21.

Ответ: 1) 3; 8; 8; 0. 2) 12; 37; 21.