4. Discussion questions (for group work): 1) Why are international standards important in engineering? 2) How do tolerances influence the cost of manufacturing? 3) Can a part be functional if dimensions are correct but surface finish is poor? Why/why not?

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International standards are important because they create common rules for dimensions, materials, symbols, tolerances, and manufacturing methods. This improves communication, safety, quality, and interchangeability between engineers and manufacturers in different countries.
Tolerances influence manufacturing cost because tighter tolerances require more precise machines, better measuring equipment, additional inspections, and sometimes extra finishing operations. Wider, suitable tolerances generally reduce production costs, but they must still ensure proper function.
A part may not function correctly even when its dimensions are correct if its surface finish is poor. Excessive roughness can cause friction, wear, leakage, noise, corrosion, or poor contact with another part. Therefore, the required surface finish is important for reliable operation.

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