Ответ:

  1. а) Приведём дроби к знаменателю \(84y\):
    \[\frac{2x^2}{21y}+\frac{5x^2}{28y}=\frac{8x^2}{84y}+\frac{15x^2}{84y}=\frac{23x^2}{84y}.\]
  2. б) \[\frac{3ab}{20c^2}-\frac{7ab}{25c^2}=\frac{15ab-28ab}{100c^2}=-\frac{13ab}{100c^2}.\]
  3. в) \[\frac{5a^3}{18bc^2}-\frac{7a^3}{12b^2c}=\frac{10a^3b-21a^3c}{36b^2c^2}=\frac{a^3(10b-21c)}{36b^2c^2}.\]
  4. г) \[\frac{2x^3}{15yz}+\frac{3x^2}{25yz^2}=\frac{10x^3z+9x^2}{75yz^2}=\frac{x^2(10xz+9)}{75yz^2}.\]
  5. д) \[\frac{5mn^2}{4p^3}-\frac{8mn^2}{9p^3}=\frac{45mn^2-32mn^2}{36p^3}=\frac{13mn^2}{36p^3}.\]
  6. е) \[\frac{3x}{27by^3}+\frac{7x}{36b^2y^2}=\frac{12xb+21xy}{108b^2y^3}=\frac{x(4b+7y)}{36b^2y^3}.\]
  7. ж) \[\frac{3b+1}{14a^2b}-\frac{2b-3}{42ab^2}=\frac{3b(3b+1)-a(2b-3)}{42a^2b^2}=\frac{9b^2+3b-2ab+3a}{42a^2b^2}.\]
  8. з) \[\frac{5x+15}{15x^2y}+\frac{3x-2}{12x^2y}=\frac{4(5x+15)+5(3x-2)}{60x^2y}=\frac{35x+50}{60x^2y}=\frac{7x+10}{12x^2y}.\]
  9. и) \[\frac{3x^2}{20ab}-\frac{5x^2}{12bc}=\frac{9x^2c-25x^2a}{60abc}=\frac{x^2(9c-25a)}{60abc}.\]
  10. к) \[\frac{y^3}{51bc^2}+\frac{3u^3}{34b^2c}=\frac{2by^3+9cu^3}{102b^2c^2}.\]

Ответ: а) \(\frac{23x^2}{84y}\); б) \(-\frac{13ab}{100c^2}\); в) \(\frac{a^3(10b-21c)}{36b^2c^2}\); г) \(\frac{x^2(10xz+9)}{75yz^2}\); д) \(\frac{13mn^2}{36p^3}\); е) \(\frac{x(4b+7y)}{36b^2y^3}\); ж) \(\frac{9b^2+3b-2ab+3a}{42a^2b^2}\); з) \(\frac{7x+10}{12x^2y}\); и) \(\frac{x^2(9c-25a)}{60abc}\); к) \(\frac{2by^3+9cu^3}{102b^2c^2}\).