Ответ:

  1. John is from — England. He is from the UK.
  2. — Minsk is the capital of the Republic of Belarus.
  3. They went to the Black Sea last summer.
  4. What language do they speak in the USA?
  5. Is the Neman in the north of Belarus?
  6. We visited — France two years ago.
  7. They went to the Alps to ski.

Прочерк означает отсутствие артикля.