Ответ:
1)
\[ (1+ g^2\alpha)\cos^2\alpha-1=\frac{1}{\cos^2\alpha}\cos^2\alpha-1=1-1=0. \]
2)
\[ 1-\sin^2\alpha(1+\ctg^2\alpha)=1-\sin^2\alpha\cdot\frac{1}{\sin^2\alpha}=1-1=0. \]
3)
\[ 1+ g^2\alpha+\frac{1}{\sin^2\alpha}=\frac{1}{\cos^2\alpha}+\frac{1}{\sin^2\alpha}. \]
Приведём к общему знаменателю:
\[ \frac{1}{\cos^2\alpha}+\frac{1}{\sin^2\alpha}=\frac{\sin^2\alpha+\cos^2\alpha}{\sin^2\alpha\cos^2\alpha}=\frac{1}{\sin^2\alpha\cos^2\alpha}. \]
4)
\[ \frac{1+ g^2\alpha}{1+\ctg^2\alpha}=\frac{\dfrac{1}{\cos^2\alpha}}{\dfrac{1}{\sin^2\alpha}}=\frac{\sin^2\alpha}{\cos^2\alpha}= g^2\alpha. \]
Ответ: 1) \(0\); 2) \(0\); 3) \(\dfrac{1}{\sin^2\alpha\cos^2\alpha}\); 4) \( g^2\alpha\).
