Analysis:
- The table lists "Dagestan" as the second republic.
- We need to locate Dagestan on the provided map of Russia.
- Looking at the map, the Caucasus region in the south of European Russia has several numbered areas.
- Without explicit labels for all numbered regions on the map correlating directly to the table's numbers, we rely on the visual representation of the republics' shapes and approximate locations.
- The region labeled with the number '17' is situated in the North Caucasus, which is the geographical location of Dagestan.
Answer: The numbered region on the map that corresponds to the Republic of Dagestan is 17.