EXERCISE 15. Read the text, try to focus on its essential facts and choose the most suitable heading below for each paragraph: 1) What Is Education; 2) Formal Education; 3) Informal Education; 4) Different Kinds of Formal Education.

Для выполнения данного упражнения необходимо прочитать текст и выбрать наиболее подходящий заголовок для каждого абзаца. Так как в задании не указано, сколько абзацев в тексте, и сами абзацы не выделены, я, как учитель, выделю смысловые части текста и подберу к ним заголовки.

Первый абзац:

Education includes different kinds of learning experiences. In its broadest sense, we consider education to be the ways in which people learn skills, gain knowledge and understanding about the world and about themselves. One useful scheme for discussing education is to divide these ways of learning into the two types: informal and formal.

Этот абзац описывает образование в широком смысле и разделяет его на два типа: неформальное и формальное. Подходящий заголовок:

3) Informal Education; // Не подходит, так как описываются два типа образования

2) Formal Education; // Не подходит, так как описываются два типа образования

4) Different Kinds of Formal Education. // Не подходит, так как описываются два типа образования

1) What Is Education // Подходит, так как описывается образование в широком смысле

Второй абзац:

Informal education involves people in learning during their daily life. For example, children learn their language simply by hearing and by try- ing to speak themselves. In the same informal manner, they learn to dress themselves, to eat with good manners, to ride a bicycle or to make a tele- phone call. Education is also informal when people try to get information or to learn skills on their own initiative without a teacher. To do so, they may visit a bookshop, library or museum. They may watch a television show, look at a videotape or listen to a radio programme. They do not have to pass tests or exams.

Этот абзац описывает неформальное образование. Подходящий заголовок:

3) Informal Education

Третий абзац:

We consider formal education to be the instruction given at different kinds of schools, colleges, universities. In most countries people enter a system of formal education during their early childhood. In this type of education the people who are in charge of education decide what to teach. Then learners study those things with the teachers at the head. Teachers expect learners to come to school regularly and on time, to work at about the same speed as their classmates, and to pass tests and exams. Learners have to pass the exams to show how well they have progressed in their learning. At the end of their learning learners may earn a diploma, a cer- tificate or a degree as a mark of their success over the years.

Этот абзац описывает формальное образование. Подходящий заголовок:

2) Formal Education

Четвертый абзац:

The school system of all modern nations provides both general and vocational education. Most countries also offer special education pro- grammes for gifted or for physically or mentally handicapped children. Adult education programmes are provided for people who wish to take up their education after leaving school. Most countries spend a large amount of time and money for formal education of their citizens.

Этот абзац описывает различные виды формального образования. Подходящий заголовок:

4) Different Kinds of Formal Education.

Ответ:

1. 1) What Is Education
2. 3) Informal Education
3. 2) Formal Education
4. 4) Different Kinds of Formal Education