Fragment transcribable DNA molecule has the following sequence: ЦЦТТТТЦГТЦААЦАТ Determine the sequence of the mRNA fragment, which served as a template for the synthesis of this DNA fragment, and the amino acid sequence of the protein encoded by this DNA fragment. When completing the task, use the rule of complementarity and the genetic code table.

Analysis:

• Complementarity Rule: In DNA, Adenine (A) pairs with Thymine (T), and Guanine (G) pairs with Cytosine (C). In RNA, Uracil (U) replaces Thymine (T), so A pairs with U, and G pairs with C.
• Transcription: To find the mRNA sequence, we create a complementary strand to the given DNA template strand. Remember that T in DNA becomes U in mRNA.

1. mRNA sequence determination:

The given DNA template strand is: ЦЦТТТТЦГТЦААЦАТ

Following the complementarity rule for transcription (T becomes U):

• DNA: Ц Ц Т Т Т Т Ц Г Т Ц А А Ц А Т
• mRNA: А А Г Г Г Г А Ц А Г У У Г У А

Therefore, the mRNA sequence is: ААГГГГАЦАГУУГУА

2. Amino acid sequence determination:

We will use the provided genetic code table to translate the mRNA codons (triplets) into amino acids. The reading frame starts from the first nucleotide.

• 1st codon: ААГ → Лиз (Lys)
• 2nd codon: ГГГ → Гли (Gly)
• 3rd codon: АЦА → Трe (Thr)
• 4th codon: ГУУ → Лей (Leu)
• 5th codon: ГУА → Лей (Leu)

The amino acid sequence is: Лиз-Гли-Трe-Лей-Лей

Answer:

9.1. mRNA: ААГГГГАЦАГУУГУА

9.2. Protein: Лиз-Гли-Трe-Лей-Лей