a) 2,31 + (7,65 + 8,69) = 2,31 + (8,69 + 7,65) = (2,31 + 8,69) + 7,65 = 11 + 7,65 = 18,65
б) 0,387 + (0,613 + 3,142) = (0,387 + 0,613) + 3,142 = 1 + 3,142 = 4,142
в) (7,891 + 3,9) + (6,1 + 2,109) = (7,891 + 2,109) + (3,9 + 6,1) = 10 + 10 = 20
г) 14,537 - (2,237 + 5,9) = 14,537 - 2,237 - 5,9 = (14,537 - 2,237) - 5,9 = 12,3 - 5,9 = 6,4
д) (24,302 + 17,879) - 1,302 = (24,302 - 1,302) + 17,879 = 23 + 17,879 = 40,879
е) (25,243 + 17,77) - 2,77 = 25,243 + (17,77 - 2,77) = 25,243 + 15 = 40,243