a) $$\frac{x}{15} = \frac{1}{5}$$;
$$x = \frac{15 \cdot 1}{5} = \frac{15}{5} = 3$$
б) $$\frac{10}{12} = \frac{5}{x}$$;
$$x = \frac{12 \cdot 5}{10} = \frac{60}{10} = 6$$
в) $$\frac{8}{x} = \frac{2}{4}$$;
$$x = \frac{8 \cdot 4}{2} = \frac{32}{2} = 16$$
г) $$\frac{18}{27} = \frac{x}{3}$$?
$$x = \frac{18 \cdot 3}{27} = \frac{54}{27} = 2$$
Ответ: a) $$x = 3$$, б) $$x = 6$$, в) $$x = 16$$, г) $$x = 2$$