Match the texts (A–G) to the headings (1–8). Put your answers into the table. Each number can only be used once. There is one extra heading. Headings: 1 What friends are for; 2 Not just people; 3 Rooted in history; 4 Health benefits; 5 Being excluded hurts; 6 Learning and growing; 7 Extending lives; 8 Fighting stress. Texts: A Friends make life more fun. We discover this when we are young children, and it remains true throughout our whole lives. But not everybody knows that friends are important for more than fun. Having good friends offers many practical benefits. B First of all, friends can keep you well. People with a lot of friends catch fewer colds and flu, even though social people are exposed to more viruses. Old people with active social lives are more likely to have healthy brains. And men who had heart attacks were found to recover better if they had friends. C So it’s not surprising that research has shown that people with strong social ties live longer than people who are not socially active. One study found that lifespans of people with good friendships were 22 percent longer than those with the fewest friends. However, people with lots of relatives and children did not get the same benefit. D This could be because friendships help us to cope with difficult situations. One piece of research found that people who had a friend with them thought that it would be easier to climb a hill than people who were alone. In other words, social support made a difficult task seem easier. Friends are also great at making us laugh, which is a sure way to calm us down and make us feel happier. E On the other hand, when we argue with friends or we are not allowed to join a social group, it feels bad. Scientists who study the brain have found that the same parts of the brain are active when we are left out socially as when we break a bone. So, the pain we feel when things go wrong with our friendships is just as real as the physical pain we feel when we are injured. F Indeed, in past times, people depended on friendships to survive. They needed help from others to protect themselves from enemies, and to get resources like food and water. For our ancestors, being left alone could be deadly. This could be the reason behind why we feel so upset when we lose friends, even today.

Перевод задания: Соотнесите тексты (A–G) с заголовками (1–8). Запишите ответы в таблицу. Каждый номер можно использовать только один раз. Один заголовок лишний.

Ответы: A–1, B–4, C–7, D–8, E–5, F–3. Текст G на изображении не виден, поэтому сопоставить его нельзя.

Краткое обоснование: A вводит тему пользы дружбы; B рассказывает о пользе для здоровья; C — о большей продолжительности жизни; D — о том, как друзья помогают справляться со стрессом; E — о болезненных переживаниях из-за исключения из группы; F объясняет историческую роль дружбы.

Лишние заголовки среди доступных текстов: 2 Not just people (Не только люди) и 6 Learning and growing (Обучение и развитие). Поскольку текст G отсутствует, определить единственный лишний заголовок для полного задания нельзя.

Перевод заголовков: 1 — Для чего нужны друзья; 2 — Не только люди; 3 — Уходящий корнями в историю; 4 — Польза для здоровья; 5 — Быть исключённым неприятно; 6 — Обучение и развитие; 7 — Продление жизни; 8 — Борьба со стрессом.