Решение:

1. $$8:\frac{4}{5} = 8 \cdot \frac{5}{4} = \frac{8 \cdot 5}{4} = \frac{40}{4} = 10$$
2. $$1:\frac{7}{16} = 1 \cdot \frac{16}{7} = \frac{16}{7} = 2\frac{2}{7}$$
3. $$\frac{8}{15}:24 = \frac{8}{15} \cdot \frac{1}{24} = \frac{8 \cdot 1}{15 \cdot 24} = \frac{8}{360} = \frac{1}{45}$$
4. $$12\frac{1}{2}:3\frac{3}{4} = \frac{25}{2}:\frac{15}{4} = \frac{25}{2} \cdot \frac{4}{15} = \frac{25 \cdot 4}{2 \cdot 15} = \frac{100}{30} = \frac{10}{3} = 3\frac{1}{3}$$
5. $$1\frac{3}{5}:5\frac{1}{3} = \frac{8}{5}:\frac{16}{3} = \frac{8}{5} \cdot \frac{3}{16} = \frac{8 \cdot 3}{5 \cdot 16} = \frac{24}{80} = \frac{3}{10}$$
6. $$2\frac{5}{8}:\frac{7}{32} = \frac{21}{8}:\frac{7}{32} = \frac{21}{8} \cdot \frac{32}{7} = \frac{21 \cdot 32}{8 \cdot 7} = \frac{672}{56} = 12$$