а) \[\frac{19}{30} - x = \frac{14}{30} - \frac{3}{30}\]
\[\frac{19}{30} - x = \frac{11}{30}\]
\[x = \frac{19}{30} - \frac{11}{30}\]
\[x = \frac{8}{30} = \frac{4}{15}\]
б) \[\frac{18}{25} - \frac{7}{25} + y = \frac{14}{25}\]
\[\frac{11}{25} + y = \frac{14}{25}\]
\[y = \frac{14}{25} - \frac{11}{25}\]
\[y = \frac{3}{25}\]
Ответ: a) \(\frac{4}{15}\); б) \(\frac{3}{25}\)