17. Read Text 1 and answer the questions using the Vocabulary Notes. 1. What does the phrase "the right to education" mean? 2. Why is education a duty too? 3. What subjects do pupils study at school? 4. What can young people do after finishing the 9th form? 5. What subjects do young people study at technical schools and at colleges? 6. What can pupils do after finishing the 11th form? 7. What departments are there at universities and colleges? 8. Do children and young people have to pay for education in Russia?

Here are the answers to the questions based on the provided text:

1. What does the phrase "the right to education" mean?

   The text indicates that every citizen of the country has the right to education, and this right is guaranteed by the Constitution.

2. Why is education a duty too?

   The text states that education is not only a right but also a duty.

3. What subjects do pupils study at school?

   At school, pupils study academic subjects such as Russian, Literature, Mathematics, History, Biology, a foreign language, and others.

4. What can young people do after finishing the 9th form?

   After finishing 9 forms of a secondary school, young people can continue their education in the 10th and 11th form or go to a vocational or technical school.

5. What subjects do young people study at technical schools and at colleges?

   At vocational or technical schools, they study academic subjects. A college gives general knowledge in academic subjects and a profound knowledge in one or several subjects.

6. What can pupils do after finishing the 11th form?

   After finishing a secondary, vocational, technical school, or a college, young people can start working or enter a university.

7. What departments are there at universities and colleges?

   Many universities have evening and extramural departments. At many universities, there are also departments where students have to pay for their education.

8. Do children and young people have to pay for education in Russia?

   Education in Russia is free at most schools. However, there are some private primary and secondary schools where pupils have to pay for their studies. Students of universities can get scholarships. At many universities, there are departments where students have to pay for their education.