а) $$ \frac{27}{x}=\frac{3}{4} $$
$$ x = \frac{27 \cdot 4}{3} $$
$$ x = \frac{108}{3} $$
$$ x = 36 $$
б) $$ 12:5=20: x $$
$$ \frac{12}{5} = \frac{20}{x} $$
$$ x = \frac{20 \cdot 5}{12} $$
$$ x = \frac{100}{12} $$
$$ x = \frac{25}{3} = 8\frac{1}{3} $$
Ответ: а) 36; б) $$8\frac{1}{3}$$