Решение:
1) Выполните действия
a) \(6\frac{3}{14} + 3\frac{4}{14} = (6+3) + (\frac{3}{14} + \frac{4}{14}) = 9 + \frac{7}{14} = 9 + \frac{1}{2} = 9\frac{1}{2}\)
б) \(4\frac{9}{11} + 8\frac{8}{11} = (4+8) + (\frac{9}{11} + \frac{8}{11}) = 12 + \frac{17}{11} = 12 + 1\frac{6}{11} = 13\frac{6}{11}\)
в) \(20\frac{17}{37} + 14\frac{12}{37} + 31\frac{8}{37} = (20+14+31) + (\frac{17}{37} + \frac{12}{37} + \frac{8}{37}) = 65 + \frac{37}{37} = 65 + 1 = 66\)
г) \(8\frac{16}{23} - 7\frac{11}{23} = (8-7) + (\frac{16}{23} - \frac{11}{23}) = 1 + \frac{5}{23} = 1\frac{5}{23}\)
д) \(12 - \frac{5}{18} = \frac{12 \cdot 18}{18} - \frac{5}{18} = \frac{216}{18} - \frac{5}{18} = \frac{211}{18} = 11\frac{13}{18}\)
е) \(5\frac{1}{6} - 3\frac{5}{6} = (5-3) + (\frac{1}{6} - \frac{5}{6}) = 2 - \frac{4}{6} = 2 - \frac{2}{3} = \frac{6}{3} - \frac{2}{3} = \frac{4}{3} = 1\frac{1}{3}\)
ж) \(10 - 7\frac{5}{12} = (10-7) - \frac{5}{12} = 3 - \frac{5}{12} = \frac{36}{12} - \frac{5}{12} = \frac{31}{12} = 2\frac{7}{12}\)
2) Решите уравнения
a) \(39\frac{18}{19} - x = 24\frac{15}{19}\)
\(x = 39\frac{18}{19} - 24\frac{15}{19}\)
\(x = (39-24) + (\frac{18}{19} - \frac{15}{19})\)
\(x = 15 + \frac{3}{19}\)
\(x = 15\frac{3}{19}\)
б) \(5\frac{16}{29} + x = 6\frac{11}{29}\)
\(x = 6\frac{11}{29} - 5\frac{16}{29}\)
\(x = (6-5) + (\frac{11}{29} - \frac{16}{29})\)
\(x = 1 - \frac{5}{29}\)
\(x = \frac{29}{29} - \frac{5}{29}\)
\(x = \frac{24}{29}\)
Ответ: а) \(9\frac{1}{2}\), б) \(13\frac{6}{11}\), в) \(66\), г) \(1\frac{5}{23}\), д) \(11\frac{13}{18}\), е) \(1\frac{1}{3}\), ж) \(2\frac{7}{12}\); a) \(x = 15\frac{3}{19}\), б) \(x = \frac{24}{29}\)
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