Ответ:

1.

  1. а) \(\dfrac{35a^6b^3}{21a^2b^4}=\dfrac{5a^4}{3b}\).
  2. б) \(\dfrac{15x^2}{6x+15x^2}=\dfrac{15x^2}{3x(2+5x)}=\dfrac{5x}{5x+2}\).
  3. в) \(\dfrac{x^2-9}{x+3}=\dfrac{(x-3)(x+3)}{x+3}=x-3\).

2.

  1. а) Приведём дроби к знаменателю \(24y\):
    \[\dfrac{7y+4}{8y}-\dfrac{2y+3}{6y}=\dfrac{3(7y+4)-4(2y+3)}{24y}=\dfrac{13y}{24y}=\dfrac{13}{24}.\]
  2. б) \[\dfrac{a}{a+4}+\dfrac{a}{a-4}=\dfrac{a(a-4)+a(a+4)}{(a+4)(a-4)}=\dfrac{2a^2}{a^2-16}.\]

3. Подставим \(x=-18\), \(y=4.5\):

\[\dfrac{-18-10\cdot4.5^3}{2\cdot4.5}+5\cdot4.5^2=\dfrac{-18-911.25}{9}+101.25=-103.25+101.25=-2.\]

4. Так как \(a^2-2a+1=(a-1)^2\), получаем:

\[1+\dfrac{2a-1}{(a-1)^2}-\dfrac{a}{a-1}=\dfrac{(a-1)^2+(2a-1)-a(a-1)}{(a-1)^2}=\dfrac{a}{(a-1)^2}.\]

Ответ: 1) а) \(\dfrac{5a^4}{3b}\); б) \(\dfrac{5x}{5x+2}\); в) \(x-3\). 2) а) \(\dfrac{13}{24}\); б) \(\dfrac{2a^2}{a^2-16}\). 3) \(-2\). 4) \(\dfrac{a}{(a-1)^2}\).