Ответ:

Используем: Na = 23, Mg = 24, Al = 27, Si = 28, P = 31, N = 14, O = 16, Cl = 35,5.

Задание 1. Ar(Na) = 23; Ar(Mg) = 24; Ar(Al) = 27; Ar(Si) = 28; Ar(P) = 31.

Задание 2.

Mr(N₂O) = 2 · 14 + 16 = 44.

Mr(MgCl₂) = 24 + 2 · 35,5 = 95.

Mr(AlCl₃) = 27 + 3 · 35,5 = 133,5.

Mr(SiO₂) = 28 + 2 · 16 = 60.

Mr(P₂O₅) = 2 · 31 + 5 · 16 = 142.