Ответ:

  1. Приводим к общему знаменателю: \(\frac{1}{4}+\frac{2}{3}=\frac{3}{12}+\frac{8}{12}=\frac{11}{12}\).
  2. \(\frac{5}{7}-\frac{1}{4}=\frac{20}{28}-\frac{7}{28}=\frac{13}{28}\).
  3. \(\frac{1}{3}\cdot\frac{6}{7}=\frac{6}{21}=\frac{2}{7}\).
  4. Деление заменяем умножением на обратную дробь: \(\frac{3}{10}:\frac{1}{5}=\frac{3}{10}\cdot5=\frac{3}{2}=1\frac{1}{2}\).
  5. \(1\frac{3}{4}+2\frac{5}{6}=\frac{7}{4}+\frac{17}{6}=\frac{21}{12}+\frac{34}{12}=\frac{55}{12}=4\frac{7}{12}\).
  6. \(1\frac{1}{4}-\frac{2}{3}=\frac{5}{4}-\frac{2}{3}=\frac{15}{12}-\frac{8}{12}=\frac{7}{12}\).
  7. \(2\frac{1}{2}\cdot3\frac{4}{9}=\frac{5}{2}\cdot\frac{31}{9}=\frac{155}{18}=8\frac{11}{18}\).
  8. \(4\frac{1}{6}:2\frac{2}{3}=\frac{25}{6}:\frac{8}{3}=\frac{25}{6}\cdot\frac{3}{8}=\frac{25}{16}=1\frac{9}{16}\).
  9. \(\frac{1}{2}+4=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{8}{2}=\frac{9}{2}=4\frac{1}{2}\).
  10. \(4-\frac{2}{5}=\frac{20}{5}-\frac{2}{5}=\frac{18}{5}=3\frac{3}{5}\).
  11. \(3\cdot\frac{2}{3}=\frac{6}{3}=2\).
  12. \(\frac{3}{8}:7=\frac{3}{8}\cdot\frac{1}{7}=\frac{3}{56}\).

Ответ: 1) \(\frac{11}{12}\); 2) \(\frac{13}{28}\); 3) \(\frac{2}{7}\); 4) \(1\frac{1}{2}\); 5) \(4\frac{7}{12}\); 6) \(\frac{7}{12}\); 7) \(8\frac{11}{18}\); 8) \(1\frac{9}{16}\); 9) \(4\frac{1}{2}\); 10) \(3\frac{3}{5}\); 11) 2; 12) \(\frac{3}{56}\).