Начнём с задания 2.513:
а) $$0,51 \cdot \frac{2}{3} = \frac{51}{100} \cdot \frac{2}{3} = \frac{17 \cdot 3}{100} \cdot \frac{2}{3} = \frac{17 \cdot 2}{100} = \frac{34}{100} = 0,34$$
Ответ: 0,34
б) $$2,816 : \frac{4}{7} = 2,816 \cdot \frac{7}{4} = \frac{2816}{1000} \cdot \frac{7}{4} = \frac{704 \cdot 4}{1000} \cdot \frac{7}{4} = \frac{704 \cdot 7}{1000} = \frac{4928}{1000} = 4,928$$
Ответ: 4,928
в) $$\frac{3}{7} \cdot 42,7 = \frac{3}{7} \cdot \frac{427}{10} = \frac{3 \cdot 427}{7 \cdot 10} = \frac{3 \cdot 61 \cdot 7}{7 \cdot 10} = \frac{3 \cdot 61}{10} = \frac{183}{10} = 18,3$$
Ответ: 18,3
г) $$0,144 : \frac{12}{13} = \frac{144}{1000} : \frac{12}{13} = \frac{144}{1000} \cdot \frac{13}{12} = \frac{12 \cdot 12}{1000} \cdot \frac{13}{12} = \frac{12 \cdot 13}{1000} = \frac{156}{1000} = 0,156$$
Ответ: 0,156
Теперь перейдём к заданию 2.514:
a) $$\frac{3,1}{1,7} + \frac{6,7}{5,1} = \frac{31}{17} + \frac{67}{51} = \frac{31}{17} + \frac{67}{3 \cdot 17} = \frac{31 × 3}{17 × 3} + \frac{67}{51} = \frac{93}{51} + \frac{67}{51} = \frac{93 + 67}{51} = \frac{160}{51} = 3 \frac{7}{51} \approx 3,137$$
Ответ: $$3 \frac{7}{51}$$
б) $$\frac{2,5}{4,4} + \frac{4,6}{13,2} = \frac{25}{44} + \frac{46}{132} = \frac{25}{44} + \frac{46}{3 \cdot 44} = \frac{25 × 3}{44 × 3} + \frac{46}{132} = \frac{75}{132} + \frac{46}{132} = \frac{75 + 46}{132} = \frac{121}{132} = \frac{11 \cdot 11}{12 \cdot 11} = \frac{11}{12} \approx 0,917$$
Ответ: $$\frac{11}{12}$$
И, наконец, задание 2.515:
a) $$\frac{\frac{3}{7} \cdot 1,1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{6} : 0,05}{\frac{1}{7} : 0,25 \cdot 2 \frac{2}{5}} = \frac{\frac{3}{7} \cdot \frac{11}{10} \cdot \frac{7}{6} : \frac{5}{100}}{\frac{1}{7} : \frac{25}{100} \cdot \frac{12}{5}} = \frac{\frac{3}{7} \cdot \frac{11}{10} \cdot \frac{7}{6} \cdot \frac{100}{5}}{\frac{1}{7} : \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{12}{5}} = \frac{\frac{3 \cdot 11 \cdot 7 \cdot 20 \cdot 5}{7 \cdot 10 \cdot 6 \cdot 5}}{\frac{1}{7} \cdot \frac{4}{1} \cdot \frac{5}{12}} = \frac{\frac{11}{1}}{\frac{1}{7} \cdot \frac{5}{3}} = \frac{\frac{11}{1}}{\frac{5}{21}} = \frac{11}{1} \cdot \frac{21}{5} = \frac{11 \cdot 21}{5} = \frac{231}{5} = 46,2$$
Ответ: 46,2
б) $$\frac{0,3 \cdot 7,4 : 0,37 - 1 \frac{11}{14} \cdot 0,7}{1 + 2 \frac{1}{8} \cdot 0,16 : 0,01} = \frac{\frac{3}{10} \cdot \frac{74}{10} : \frac{37}{100} - \frac{25}{14} \cdot \frac{7}{10}}{1 + \frac{17}{8} \cdot \frac{16}{100} : \frac{1}{100}} = \frac{\frac{3 \cdot 74}{10 \cdot 10} \cdot \frac{100}{37} - \frac{25 \cdot 7}{14 \cdot 10}}{1 + \frac{17}{8} \cdot \frac{16}{100} \cdot \frac{100}{1}} = \frac{\frac{3 \cdot 2 \cdot 37}{100} \cdot \frac{100}{37} - \frac{5 \cdot 5 \cdot 7}{2 \cdot 7 \cdot 2 \cdot 5}}{1 + \frac{17 \cdot 2 \cdot 8}{8}} = \frac{3 \cdot 2 - \frac{5}{4}}{1 + 17 \cdot 2} = \frac{6 - \frac{5}{4}}{1 + 34} = \frac{\frac{24}{4} - \frac{5}{4}}{35} = \frac{\frac{19}{4}}{35} = \frac{19}{4} \cdot \frac{1}{35} = \frac{19}{4 \cdot 35} = \frac{19}{140} \approx 0,136$$
Ответ: $$\frac{19}{140}$$