What is the difference between a republic and a monarchy?

Republic vs. Monarchy

A republic is a form of government where the country is considered a "public matter", not the private concern or property of the rulers. Power is held by the people and their elected representatives, and there is an elected or nominated president rather than a monarch. A monarchy is a form of government in which a person, the monarch, is head of state for life or until abdication. The political power rests with the monarch, although the extent of their power can vary from absolute to purely symbolic.

Key differences:

• Head of State: In a republic, it's an elected or nominated president. In a monarchy, it's a hereditary monarch (king, queen, emperor, etc.).
• Source of Power: In a republic, power ultimately comes from the people. In a monarchy, power is traditionally inherited.
• Term Length: Republic leaders typically serve for a fixed term. Monarchs rule for life or until abdication.

In summary: The main distinction lies in how the head of state is chosen and where sovereignty ultimately resides.