\[\boxed{\text{501.}\text{\ }\text{ОК\ ГДЗ\ -\ домашка\ на\ 5}}\]
\[\textbf{а)}\ \left\{ \begin{matrix}
x^{2} + y^{2} + x + y = 18 \\
x^{2} - y^{2} + x - y = 6\ \ \\
\end{matrix} \right.\ \Longrightarrow\]
\[\Longrightarrow \left\{ \begin{matrix}
2x^{2} + 2x = 24 \\
2y^{2} + 2y = 12 \\
\end{matrix} \right.\ \Longrightarrow\]
\[\Longrightarrow \left\{ \begin{matrix}
x^{2} + x - 12 = 0 \\
y^{2} + y - 6 = 0\ \ \\
\end{matrix} \right.\ \Longrightarrow\]
\[\Longrightarrow \left\{ \begin{matrix}
(x - 3)(x + 4) = 0 \\
(y - 2)(y + 3) = 0 \\
\end{matrix} \right.\ \Longrightarrow\]
\[\Longrightarrow \left\{ \begin{matrix}
x_{1} = 3 \\
y_{1} = 2 \\
\end{matrix} \right.\ \text{\ \ }или\ \ \left\{ \begin{matrix}
x_{2} = 3\ \ \\
y_{2} = - 3 \\
\end{matrix} \right.\ \ \ или\ \]
\[\left\{ \begin{matrix}
x_{3} = - 4 \\
y_{3} = 2\ \ \\
\end{matrix} \right.\ \ или\ \left\{ \begin{matrix}
x_{4} = - 4 \\
y_{4} = - 3. \\
\end{matrix} \right.\ \]
\[\textbf{б)}\ \left\{ \begin{matrix}
x^{2}y^{2} + xy = 72 \\
x + y = 6\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \\
\end{matrix} \right.\ \]
\[Пусть\ xy = t,\ тогда\ \]
\[\ t^{2} + t - 72 = 0 \Longrightarrow t_{1,2} = - 9;8;\]
\[1)\ \left\{ \begin{matrix}
xy = - 9\ \ \\
x = 6 - y \\
\end{matrix} \right.\ \Longrightarrow\]
\[\Longrightarrow \left\{ \begin{matrix}
y(6 - y) = - 9 \\
x = 6 - y\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \\
\end{matrix} \right.\ \Longrightarrow\]
\[\Longrightarrow \left\{ \begin{matrix}
y^{2} - 6y - 9 = 0 \\
x = 6 - y\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \\
\end{matrix} \right.\ \]
\[D = 9 + 9 = 18\]
\[y_{1,2} = 3 \pm 3\sqrt{2}\]

\[2)\ \left\{ \begin{matrix}
xy = 8\ \ \ \\
x = 6 - y \\
\end{matrix} \right.\ \Longrightarrow\]
\[\Longrightarrow \left\{ \begin{matrix}
y^{2} - 6y + 8 = 0 \\
x = 6 - y\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \\
\end{matrix} \right.\ \Longrightarrow\]
\[\Longrightarrow \left\{ \begin{matrix}
y_{1} = 4 \\
x_{1} = 2 \\
\end{matrix} \right.\ \text{\ \ \ }или\ \ \left\{ \begin{matrix}
y_{2} = 2\ \\
x_{2} = 4. \\
\end{matrix} \right.\ \]
\[\textbf{в)}\ \left\{ \begin{matrix}
(x + y)^{2} - 2 \cdot (x + y) = 15 \\
x + xy + y = 1\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \\
\end{matrix} \right.\ \]
\[Пусть\ t = x + y,\ \ тогда\ \ \]
\[t^{2} - 2t - 15 = 0,\]
\[t_{1,2} = - 3;5;\ \]
\[1)\ \left\{ \begin{matrix}
x + y = - 3 \\
xy = 11 + 3 \\
\end{matrix} \right.\ \Longrightarrow\]
\[\Longrightarrow \left\{ \begin{matrix}
x = - y - 3\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \\
- y^{2} - 3y - 14 = 0 \\
\end{matrix} \right.\ \]
\[y^{2} + 3y + 14 = 0\]
\[D = 9 - 4 \cdot 14 < 0 \Longrightarrow\]
\[\Longrightarrow корней\ нет;\]
\[2)\ \left\{ \begin{matrix}
x + y = 5\ \ \ \ \\
xy + 5 = 11 \\
\end{matrix} \right.\ \Longrightarrow\]
\[\Longrightarrow \left\{ \begin{matrix}
x = 5 - y\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \\
- y^{2} + 5y - 6 = 0 \\
\end{matrix} \right.\ \Longrightarrow\]
\[\Longrightarrow \left\{ \begin{matrix}
y_{1} = 3 \\
x_{1} = 2 \\
\end{matrix} \right.\ \ или\ \left\{ \begin{matrix}
y_{2} = 2\ \\
x_{2} = 3. \\
\end{matrix} \right.\ \]
\[\textbf{г)}\ \left\{ \begin{matrix}
(x + y)^{2} - 4 \cdot (x + y) = 45 \\
(x - y)^{2} - 2 \cdot (x - y) = 3\ \ \\
\end{matrix} \right.\ \]
\[Пусть\ a = x + y,\ \ b = x - y,\]
\[\left\{ \begin{matrix}
a^{2} - 4a - 45 = 0 \\
b^{2} - 2b - 3 = 0\ \ \\
\end{matrix} \right.\ \Longrightarrow\]
\[\Longrightarrow \left\{ \begin{matrix}
(a - 2)^{2} = 49 \\
(b - 1)^{2} = 4\ \ \ \ \ \\
\end{matrix} \right.\ \Longrightarrow\]
\[\Longrightarrow \left\{ \begin{matrix}
a - 2 = \pm 7 \\
b - 1 = \pm 2 \\
\end{matrix} \right.\ \Longrightarrow\]
