а)
\[ 4x = 24 + x \]
\[ 4x - x = 24 \]
\[ 3x = 24 \]
\[ x = \frac{24}{3} \]
\[ x = 8 \]
б)
\[ 8x - 8 = 20 - 6x \]
\[ 8x + 6x = 20 + 8 \]
\[ 14x = 28 \]
\[ x = \frac{28}{14} \]
\[ x = 2 \]
в)
\[ 9 - 4x = 3x - 40 \]
\[ 9 + 40 = 3x + 4x \]
\[ 49 = 7x \]
\[ x = \frac{49}{7} \]
\[ x = 7 \]
г)
\[ 0,6x - 5,4 = -0,8x + 5,8 \]
\[ 0,6x + 0,8x = 5,8 + 5,4 \]
\[ 1,4x = 11,2 \]
\[ x = \frac{11,2}{1,4} = \frac{112}{14} \]
\[ x = 8 \]
д)
\[ 4,7 - 1,1x = 0,5x - 3,3 \]
\[ 4,7 + 3,3 = 0,5x + 1,1x \]
\[ 8 = 1,6x \]
\[ x = \frac{8}{1,6} = \frac{80}{16} \]
\[ x = 5 \]
Ответ: а) x = 8; б) x = 2; в) x = 7; г) x = 8; д) x = 5.