Ответ:Решение:\( x + 23 = 18 \)\( x = 18 - 23 \)\( x = -5 \)\( -31 - x = -9 \)\( -x = -9 + 31 \)\( -x = 22 \)\( x = -22 \)Ответ: 1) x = -5; 2) x = -22.