Ответ:

  1. \(x - 3.8 = 2.7\);
    \(x = 2.7 + 3.8 = 6.5\).
  2. \((x + 2.3) \cdot 4 = 14.8\);
    \(x + 2.3 = 14.8 : 4 = 3.7\);
    \(x = 3.7 - 2.3 = 1.4\).

Ответ: 1) x = 6,5; 2) x = 1,4.