4.3 Circle the correct words to complete the text about extra-high voltage (EHV) power lines. Look at A and B opposite to help you. The first one has been done for you. On EHV transmission lines, cables – called conductors – (1) incline / span between pylons, which are described as supports. The conductors are suspended from the supports by rods, called insulators. On straight sections of line, the insulators are (2) level / plumb, hanging vertically from the supports. At supports where the direction of the line changes, pairs of insulators are used. In this situation, the insulators are (3) inclined / striking from the vertical plane, as they are pulled (4) plumb / out of plumb by the conductors pulling in different directions. The higher the voltage being transmitted by the line, the greater the required distance between the conductor and the support, in order to provide effective insulation. The (5) length / width of insulators therefore varies, depending on the voltage. Higher voltages also mean that conductors must be located at a greater minimum (6) height / thickness above the ground, for safety. This distance is measured between the ground and the lowest point of the cable.

Перевод задания: Обведите правильные слова, чтобы дополнить текст о линиях электропередачи сверхвысокого напряжения. Первое выполнено за вас.

On EHV transmission lines, cables – called conductors – span between pylons, which are described as supports. The conductors are suspended from the supports by rods, called insulators. On straight sections of line, the insulators are plumb, hanging vertically from the supports. At supports where the direction of the line changes, pairs of insulators are used. In this situation, the insulators are inclined from the vertical plane, as they are pulled out of plumb by the conductors pulling in different directions. The higher the voltage being transmitted by the line, the greater the required distance between the conductor and the support, in order to provide effective insulation. The length of insulators therefore varies, depending on the voltage. Higher voltages also mean that conductors must be located at a greater minimum height above the ground, for safety. This distance is measured between the ground and the lowest point of the cable.

На линиях электропередачи сверхвысокого напряжения кабели, называемые проводами, пролегают между опорами. Провода подвешены к опорам на стержнях, называемых изоляторами. На прямых участках линии изоляторы находятся по отвесу, то есть висят вертикально. На опорах, где меняется направление линии, используют пары изоляторов. В этом случае изоляторы отклонены от вертикальной плоскости, поскольку провода, тянущие в разных направлениях, отклоняют их от отвесного положения. Чем выше напряжение, передаваемое линией, тем больше необходимое расстояние между проводом и опорой для эффективной изоляции. Поэтому длина изоляторов зависит от напряжения. При более высоком напряжении провода также должны располагаться на большей минимальной высоте над землёй в целях безопасности. Это расстояние измеряют от земли до самой нижней точки кабеля.