а) $$ \frac{a^8+a^5}{a^5+a^2} = \frac{a^5(a^3+1)}{a^2(a^3+1)} = a^3 $$
при $$a = -\frac{1}{2}$$
$$ a^3 = (-\frac{1}{2})^3 = -\frac{1}{8} $$
Ответ: $$-\frac{1}{8}$$