\[x^{2} + 4xy + 3y^{2} =\]
\[= x^{2} + 4xy + 4y^{2} - y^{2} =\]
\[= (x + 2y)^{2} - y^{2} =\]
\[= (x + 2y - y)(x + 2y + y) =\]
\[= (x + y)(x + 3y).\]