а) 4x + 4 = -12
4x = -12 - 4
4x = -16
x = -16 / 4
**x = -4**
б) 7x - 6 = x + 12
7x - x = 12 + 6
6x = 18
x = 18 / 6
**x = 3**
в) 2(y + 3) = 21
2y + 6 = 21
2y = 21 - 6
2y = 15
y = 15 / 2
**y = 7.5**
г) 3(3x - 1) - x = 13
9x - 3 - x = 13
8x = 13 + 3
8x = 16
x = 16 / 8
**x = 2**