а) $$a^3 * a^5 = a^{3+5} = a^8$$
б) $$a^{12} : a^2 = a^{12-2} = a^{10}$$
в) $$(a^2)^5 = a^{2*5} = a^{10}$$
г) $$(-3a)^4 = (-3)^4 * a^4 = 81a^4$$
д) $$\frac{49^4 * 7^5}{7^{12}} = \frac{(7^2)^4 * 7^5}{7^{12}} = \frac{7^8 * 7^5}{7^{12}} = \frac{7^{8+5}}{7^{12}} = \frac{7^{13}}{7^{12}} = 7^{13-12} = 7^1 = 7$$