a) $$\frac{2}{9} + \frac{1}{9} = \frac{2+1}{9} = \frac{3}{9} = \frac{1}{3}$$
б) $$\frac{3}{5} + \frac{2}{7} = \frac{3 \cdot 7}{5 \cdot 7} + \frac{2 \cdot 5}{7 \cdot 5} = \frac{21}{35} + \frac{10}{35} = \frac{21+10}{35} = \frac{31}{35}$$
в) $$\frac{11}{15} - \frac{3}{5} = \frac{11}{15} - \frac{3 \cdot 3}{5 \cdot 3} = \frac{11}{15} - \frac{9}{15} = \frac{11-9}{15} = \frac{2}{15}$$
г) $$\frac{5}{6} - \frac{1}{4} = \frac{5 \cdot 2}{6 \cdot 2} - \frac{1 \cdot 3}{4 \cdot 3} = \frac{10}{12} - \frac{3}{12} = \frac{10-3}{12} = \frac{7}{12}$$