\[\boxed{\text{1200.}\text{\ }еуроки - ответы\ на\ пятёрку}\]
\[(a - 1)x = 12\]
\[x = \frac{12}{a - 1};\ \ \ \ a \neq 1;\ \ \ \ \]
\[12 = 1 \cdot 2 \cdot 2 \cdot 3;\]
\[если\ a - 1 = 1 \Longrightarrow \ \ a = 2:\]
\[x = \frac{12}{1} = 12;\]
\[если\ a - 1 = 2 \Longrightarrow \ \ a = 3:\]
\[x = \frac{12}{2} = 6;\]
\[если\ a - 1 = 4 \Longrightarrow \ a = 3:\]
\[x = \frac{12}{4} = 3;\]
\[если\ a - 1 = 6 \Longrightarrow \ a = 7:\]
\[x = \frac{12}{6} = 2;\]
\[если\ a - 1 = 12 \Longrightarrow a = 13:\]
\[x = \frac{12}{12} = 1.\]
\[Ответ:a = 2;3;4;5;7;13.\]