\[\boxed{\ \mathbf{490\ (490)}.\ Еуроки\ - \ ДЗ\ без\ мороки}\]
\[1)\ 8 \cdot (x - 14) = 56\]
\[x - 14 = 56\ :8\]
\[x - 14 = 7\]
\[x = 7 + 14\]
\[x = 21\]
\[Ответ:21.\]
\[2)\ (46 - x) \cdot 19 = 418\]
\[46 - x = 418\ :19\]
\[46 - x = 22\]
\[x = 46 - 22\]
\[x = 24\]
\[Ответ:24.\]
\[3)\ 9 \cdot (143 - 13x) = 234\]
\[143 - 13x = 234\ :9\]
\[143 - 13x = 26\]
\[13x = 143 - 26\]
\[13x = 117\]
\[x = 117\ :13\]
\[x = 9\]
\[Ответ:9.\]
\[4)\ 17 \cdot (5x - 16) = 238\]
\[5x - 16 = 238\ :17\]
\[5x - 16 = 14\]
\[5x = 14 + 16\]
\[5x = 30\]
\[x = 30\ :5\]
\[x = 6\]
\[Ответ:6.\]