Решение:
- \( 3^7 \cdot (3^2)^3 : 3^{10} = 3^7 \cdot 3^6 : 3^{10} = 3^{13} : 3^{10} = 3^{13-10} = 3^3 = 27 \)
- \( \frac{9^4}{3^7} = \frac{(3^2)^4}{3^7} = \frac{3^8}{3^7} = 3^{8-7} = 3^1 = 3 \)
- \( \frac{10^{12}}{2^6 \cdot 5^6} = \frac{10^{12}}{(2 \cdot 5)^6} = \frac{10^{12}}{10^6} = 10^{12-6} = 10^6 \)
- \( 5^{20} : (5^2)^5 : 5^8 = 5^{20} : 5^{10} : 5^8 = 5^{10} : 5^8 = 5^{10-8} = 5^2 = 25 \)
- \( \frac{8^5}{4^6} = \frac{(2^3)^5}{(2^2)^6} = \frac{2^{15}}{2^{12}} = 2^{15-12} = 2^3 = 8 \)
- \( \frac{5^{16} \cdot 3^{16}}{15^{14}} = \frac{(5 \cdot 3)^{16}}{15^{14}} = \frac{15^{16}}{15^{14}} = 15^{16-14} = 15^2 = 225 \)
- \( \frac{27^2 \cdot 9^4}{81^2} = \frac{(3^3)^2 \cdot (3^2)^4}{(3^4)^2} = \frac{3^6 \cdot 3^8}{3^8} = 3^6 = 729 \)
- \( \frac{12^6}{3^5 \cdot 4^5} = \frac{(3 \cdot 4)^6}{3^5 \cdot 4^5} = \frac{3^6 \cdot 4^6}{3^5 \cdot 4^5} = 3^{6-5} \cdot 4^{6-5} = 3^1 \cdot 4^1 = 12 \)
Ответ: 1) 27; 2) 3; 3) 106; 4) 25; 5) 8; 6) 225; 7) 729; 8) 12.