Решение:

1. Если $$d = 2$$, то
   • $$16 \times d = 16 \times 2 = 32$$
   • $$16 : d = 16 : 2 = 8$$
2. Если $$d = 4$$, то
   • $$16 \times d = 16 \times 4 = 64$$
   • $$16 : d = 16 : 4 = 4$$
3. Если $$d = 8$$, то
   • $$16 \times d = 16 \times 8 = 128$$
   • $$16 : d = 16 : 8 = 2$$
4. Если $$d = 1$$, то
   • $$16 \times d = 16 \times 1 = 16$$
   • $$16 : d = 16 : 1 = 16$$