\[\left\{ \begin{matrix}
x - 5y = 23\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \\
7x + 10y = - 19 \\
\end{matrix} \right.\ \]
\[\left\{ \begin{matrix}
x = 23 + 5y\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \\
7 \cdot (23 + 5y) + 10y = - 19 \\
\end{matrix} \right.\ \]
\[161 + 35y + 10y = - 19\]
\[45y = - 19 - 161\]
\[45y = - 180\]
\[y = - 180\ :45\]
\[y = - 4.\]
\[x = 23 + 5 \cdot ( - 4) = 23 - 20 = 3.\]
\[\left\{ \begin{matrix}
x_{0} = 3\ \ \ \\
y_{0} = - 4 \\
\end{matrix} \right.\ \]
\[x_{0} + y_{0} = 3 - 4 = - 1.\]
\[Ответ:2) - 1.\]