a) x + (-3) = -18
x - 3 = -18
x = -18 + 3
x = -15
б) y : 2 = -20
y = -20 ⋅ 2
y = -40
в) x ⋅ (-6) = -22
x = -22 : (-6)
x = 22/6 = 11/3
г) -4y = 0
y = 0 : (-4)
y = 0
д) -15 - 2x = -27
-2x = -27 + 15
-2x = -12
x = -12 : (-2)
x = 6
e) -7y + 14 = 28
-7y = 28 - 14
-7y = 14
y = 14 : (-7)
y = -2
Ответ: a) x = -15; б) y = -40; в) x = 11/3; г) y = 0; д) x = 6; e) y = -2.