Выполним вычисление:
$$ 5 \frac{1}{16} - 1 \frac{1}{8} \cdot (5 \frac{3}{6} + \frac{3}{14}) = 5 \frac{1}{16} - 1 \frac{1}{8} \cdot (5 \frac{1}{2} + \frac{3}{14}) = 5 \frac{1}{16} - 1 \frac{1}{8} \cdot (5 \frac{7}{14} + \frac{3}{14}) = 5 \frac{1}{16} - 1 \frac{1}{8} \cdot 5 \frac{10}{14} = 5 \frac{1}{16} - \frac{9}{8} \cdot 5 \frac{5}{7} = 5 \frac{1}{16} - \frac{9}{8} \cdot \frac{40}{7} = 5 \frac{1}{16} - \frac{9}{1} \cdot \frac{5}{7} = 5 \frac{1}{16} - \frac{45}{7} = 5 \frac{1}{16} - 6 \frac{3}{7} = \frac{81}{16} - \frac{45}{7} = \frac{81 \cdot 7 - 45 \cdot 16}{16 \cdot 7} = \frac{567 - 720}{112} = \frac{-153}{112} = -1 \frac{41}{112}$$
Ответ: $$-1 \frac{41}{112}$$