а) \[\frac{58^2 - 22^2}{49^2 - 31^2} = \frac{(58-22)(58+22)}{(49-31)(49+31)} = \frac{36 \cdot 80}{18 \cdot 80} = \frac{36}{18} = 2\]
б) \[\frac{41^2 - 82 \cdot 11 + 11^2}{35 \cdot 47 - 35 \cdot 32} = \frac{41^2 - 2 \cdot 41 \cdot 11 + 11^2}{35(47-32)} = \frac{(41-11)^2}{35 \cdot 15} = \frac{30^2}{35 \cdot 15} = \frac{900}{525} = \frac{12}{7}\]
Ответ: a) \(2\); б) \(\frac{12}{7}\)