Ответ:

  1. \(2.5x-x+3.8x+0.7x=0.54\).
    \(6x=0.54\).
    \(x=0.09\).
  2. \(3\frac14+1\frac13+\left(\frac12+\frac56\right)y=5\frac{11}{12}\).
    \(\frac{55}{12}+\frac43y=\frac{71}{12}\).
    \(\frac43y=\frac43\).
    \(y=1\).

Ответ: 1) \(x=0.09\); 2) \(y=1\).