a) $$x^6y^9 - 1$$
$$ = (x^2y^3)^3 - 1^3 = (x^2y^3 - 1)((x^2y^3)^2 + x^2y^3 + 1) = (x^2y^3 - 1)(x^4y^6 + x^2y^3 + 1)$$
$$=(xy-1)(x^2y^2+xy+1)(x^4y^6 + x^2y^3 + 1)$$
Ответ: $$(xy-1)(x^2y^2+xy+1)(x^4y^6 + x^2y^3 + 1)$$
в) $$a^2y^9 - t^6a^2$$
$$ = a^2(y^9 - t^6) = a^2((y^3)^3 - (t^2)^3) = a^2(y^3 - t^2)(y^6 + y^3t^2 + t^4)$$
Ответ: $$a^2(y^3 - t^2)(y^6 + y^3t^2 + t^4)$$