Решение:
1) \(16 - c^2\) = \(4^2 - c^2\) = \((4 - c)(4 + c)\)
2) \(p^2 + 2p + 1\) = \((p + 1)^2\) = \((p + 1)(p + 1)\)
3) \(9m^2 - 25\) = \((3m)^2 - 5^2\) = \((3m - 5)(3m + 5)\)
4) \(36m^2 + 24mn + 4n^2\) = \((6m)^2 + 2 \cdot 6m \cdot 2n + (2n)^2\) = \((6m + 2n)^2\) = \((6m + 2n)(6m + 2n)\)