\[\left\{ \begin{matrix}
a - b = 1\ \ \ \ \ (1) \\
a + b = - 5\ \ (2) \\
\end{matrix} \right.\ \]
\[(1) + (2) \Longrightarrow 2a = - 4\]
\[\left\{ \begin{matrix}
2a = - 4\ \ \ \ \ \ \\
a + b = - 5 \\
\end{matrix} \right.\ \text{\ \ \ \ \ \ }\]
\[\left\{ \begin{matrix}
a = - 2\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \\
b = - 5 - a \\
\end{matrix}\ \right.\ \text{\ \ \ \ }\]
\[\left\{ \begin{matrix}
a = - 2\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \\
b = - 5 - ( - 2) \\
\end{matrix} \right.\ \text{\ \ \ \ }\]
\[\left\{ \begin{matrix}
a = - 2 \\
b = - 3 \\
\end{matrix} \right.\ \]
\[Ответ:( - 2;\ - 3).\]