5) Сократите дробь:
1) $$\frac{a-16}{\sqrt{a} + 4} = \frac{(\sqrt{a} - 4)(\sqrt{a} + 4)}{\sqrt{a} + 4} = \sqrt{a} - 4$$
Ответ: $$\sqrt{a} - 4$$
2) $$\frac{10 + 2\sqrt{10}}{\sqrt{10}} = \frac{2(5 + \sqrt{10})}{\sqrt{10}} = \frac{2(5 + \sqrt{10})}{\sqrt{10}} \cdot \frac{\sqrt{10}}{\sqrt{10}} = \frac{2\sqrt{10}(5 + \sqrt{10})}{10} = \frac{\sqrt{10}(5 + \sqrt{10})}{5} = \frac{5\sqrt{10} + 10}{5} = \sqrt{10} + 2$$
Ответ: $$\sqrt{10} + 2$$
3) $$\frac{x - 18\sqrt{x} + 81}{x - 81} = \frac{(\sqrt{x} - 9)^2}{(\sqrt{x} - 9)(\sqrt{x} + 9)} = \frac{\sqrt{x} - 9}{\sqrt{x} + 9}$$
Ответ: $$\frac{\sqrt{x} - 9}{\sqrt{x} + 9}$$