a) $$ (7 - \sqrt{23})(\sqrt{23} + 7) = 49 - 23 = 26 $$
б) $$ (5 - 2\sqrt{2})^2 = 25 - 2 \cdot 5 \cdot 2\sqrt{2} + 8 = 33 - 20\sqrt{2} $$
Ответ: а) 26, б) $$33 - 20\sqrt{2}$$