а) $$ \frac{a^2}{a+7} - \frac{49}{a+7} = \frac{a^2-49}{a+7} = \frac{(a-7)(a+7)}{a+7} = a-7 $$
б) $$ \frac{a}{a-3} - \frac{2a+1}{2a-6} = \frac{a}{a-3} - \frac{2a+1}{2(a-3)} = \frac{2a-(2a+1)}{2(a-3)} = \frac{-1}{2(a-3)} $$
в) $$ \frac{a-b}{9a} : \frac{a-b}{9b} = \frac{a-b}{9a} \cdot \frac{9b}{a-b} = \frac{b}{a}$$
г) $$ \frac{y-5}{y-3} \cdot \frac{y^2-6y+9}{y^2-25} = \frac{y-5}{y-3} \cdot \frac{(y-3)^2}{(y-5)(y+5)} = \frac{y-3}{y+5} $$
Ответ: а) $$a-7$$, б) $$\frac{-1}{2(a-3)}$$, в) $$\frac{b}{a}$$, г) $$\frac{y-3}{y+5}$$